Ipyleaflet

12. Ipyleaflet#

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12.1. Introduction#

ipyleaflet is a Python library that brings the power of Leaflet.js to Jupyter Notebooks. It allows interactive mapping, geospatial visualization, and dynamic map customization with widgets.

12.1.1. Learning Objectives#

By the end of this lecture, you will:

  • Understand what ipyleaflet is and how it differs from Folium.

  • Learn to create basic maps and add markers.

  • Explore how to use geospatial layers and data.

  • Customize maps with widgets and interactivity.

12.2. 1. Installing and Importing ipyleaflet#

To install ipyleaflet, run the following command:

pip install ipyleaflet

Then, import it in Python:

from ipyleaflet import Map, Marker

12.3. 2. Creating a Basic Map#

A simple ipyleaflet map can be created as follows:

m = Map(center=(37.7749, -122.4194), zoom=10)
m

12.3.1. Map Parameters#

  • center: The latitude and longitude of the map center.

  • zoom: The initial zoom level.

12.4. 3. Adding Markers#

Markers help highlight specific locations on the map.

marker = Marker(location=(37.7749, -122.4194))
m.add_layer(marker)
m

12.5. 4. Adding Tile Layers#

Different tile layers can be used to change the appearance of the map.

from ipyleaflet import TileLayer

m.add_layer(TileLayer(url="https://{s}.tile.opentopomap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png"))
m

Common tile providers:

  • OpenStreetMap

  • Stamen Terrain

  • CartoDB DarkMatter

12.6. 5. Adding GeoJSON Layers#

GeoJSON files allow visualization of geospatial boundaries.

from ipyleaflet import GeoJSON
import json

data = {
    "type": "FeatureCollection",
    "features": [
        {
            "type": "Feature",
            "geometry": {"type": "Point", "coordinates": [-122.4194, 37.7749]},
            "properties": {"name": "San Francisco"},
        }
    ],
}

gj = GeoJSON(data=data)
m.add_layer(gj)
m

12.7. 6. Adding a Choropleth Layer#

Choropleth maps visualize geographic data distributions.

import os
import json
import random
import requests

from ipyleaflet import Map, GeoJSON

if not os.path.exists("europe_110.geo.json"):
    url = "https://github.com/jupyter-widgets/ipyleaflet/raw/master/examples/europe_110.geo.json"
    r = requests.get(url)
    with open("europe_110.geo.json", "w") as f:
        f.write(r.content.decode("utf-8"))

with open("europe_110.geo.json", "r") as f:
    data = json.load(f)


def random_color(feature):
    return {
        "color": "black",
        "fillColor": random.choice(["red", "yellow", "green", "orange"]),
    }


m = Map(center=(50.6252978589571, 0.34580993652344), zoom=3)

geo_json = GeoJSON(
    data=data,
    style={"opacity": 1, "dashArray": "9", "fillOpacity": 0.1, "weight": 1},
    hover_style={"color": "white", "dashArray": "0", "fillOpacity": 0.5},
    style_callback=random_color,
)
m.add(geo_json)

m

12.8. 7. Adding Layer Controls#

To toggle layers dynamically:

from ipyleaflet import LayersControl

m.add_control(LayersControl())
m

12.9. 8. Adding Interactive Widgets#

Widgets enable real-time interaction with the map.

from ipywidgets import FloatSlider

zoom_slider = FloatSlider(description="Zoom Level", min=1, max=20, value=m.zoom)


def zoom_change(change):
    m.zoom = change["new"]


zoom_slider.observe(zoom_change, "value")
zoom_slider

12.10. 9. Adding an image overlay#

from ipyleaflet import Map, ImageOverlay

m = Map(center=(25, -115), zoom=4)

image = ImageOverlay(
    url="https://i.imgur.com/06Q1fSz.png",
    # url='../06Q1fSz.png',
    bounds=((13, -130), (32, -100)),
)

m.add(image)
m

m = Map(center=(24, 115), zoom=4)

image = ImageOverlay(url="https://i.gifer.com/4j.gif", bounds=((13, 100), (45, 130)))

m.add(image)
m

12.11. 10. Adding a video overlay#

from ipyleaflet import Map, VideoOverlay

m = Map(center=(25, -115), zoom=4)

video = VideoOverlay(
    url="https://www.mapbox.com/bites/00188/patricia_nasa.webm",
    bounds=((13, -130), (32, -100)),
)

m.add(video)
m

m = Map(center=(37.562984, -122.514426), zoom=17)

video = VideoOverlay(
    url="https://static-assets.mapbox.com/mapbox-gl-js/drone.mp4",
    bounds=((37.56238816, -122.515963), (37.563391708, -122.5130939)),
)
m.add(video)
m

12.12. 11. Adding WMS layers#

from ipyleaflet import Map, WMSLayer, basemaps

wms = WMSLayer(
    url="http://mesonet.agron.iastate.edu/cgi-bin/wms/nexrad/n0r.cgi",
    layers="nexrad-n0r-900913",
    format="image/png",
    transparent=True,
    attribution="Weather data © 2012 IEM Nexrad",
)

m = Map(basemap=basemaps.CartoDB.Positron, center=(38.491, -95.712), zoom=4)
m.add(wms)
m

https://apps.nationalmap.gov/services/

wms = WMSLayer(
    url="https://imagery.nationalmap.gov/arcgis/services/USGSNAIPPlus/ImageServer/WMSServer?",
    layers="USGSNAIPPlus:NaturalColor",
    format="image/png",
    transparent=True,
    attribution="USGS",
)

m = Map(basemap=basemaps.CartoDB.Positron, center=(38.491, -95.712), zoom=4)
m.add(wms)
m

12.13. Summary#

  • ipyleaflet enables interactive mapping in Jupyter Notebooks.

  • Supports markers, tile layers, GeoJSON, and choropleth maps.

  • Interactive widgets enhance user experience.

  • Suitable for real-time geospatial data visualization.

12.14. Further Reading#

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